Association between intake of milk or other dairy products along with fish meat and development of vitiligo

Objective: to establish whether there is an association between intake of milk or dairy products along with fish meat and development of vitiligo

Material and Methods: this case control study was conducted in outdoor Dermatology Department Mayo Hospital, Lahore and in some urban areas of Lahore from 7th of August 2003 to 5th of September 2003. Subjects were selected among the adult population. 40 cases and 63 controls were taken

Results: 57.5 % cases and 61.90% controls were factor positive. The chi-square test was applied and p-value was found to be 0.656 which is not statistically significant

Conclusion: no association was found between drinking of milk or other dairy products with fish meat and development of vitiligo

Public awareness about hypertension: finding of a kidney day

To determine the frequency of hypertension, its associated life style factors and to explore the level of awareness about hypertension among adult populace attending the kidney day and to formulate the strategies to improve the awareness. A cross sectional study. One day health camp at Sharif Medical City Hospital Lahore 2008 on 13.03.2008. A total of one hundred participants were interviewed. The structured questionnaire was filled at the spot to obtain sociodemographic information after taking verbal informed consent. Height, weight, pulse, blood pressure were recorded. A total of one hundred participants were interviewed. Overall frequency of hypertension in the study population was twenty five percent [25%]. The prevalence of hypertension increased with increasing age and body mass index. Only thirty five percent [35%] could define hypertension and this awareness was significantly associated with educational level. Lack of physical activity, card playing and televisionization was observed in sixty percent of participants while thirty three percent were overweight. Fifty nine percent were using additional salt while seventy percent were having meals and snacks outside. High frequency of hypertension, obesity, lack of physical activity, unhealthy nutrition, and faulty dietary habits was observed in the study population. Emphasis on health education and use of electronic and print media is recommended to improve the public awareness about the risk factors and consequences of hypertension like stroke, heart attack, kidney failure etc

Assessment of socio demographic risk factors involved in coronary artery disease seen in patients presenting in coronary outdoor

The aim of the study is to assess the sociodemographic risk factor involved in Coronary Artery Disease seen in patients presenting in Coronary outdoor. A Case-Control study. The study was conducted between July 1[st] to July 28, 2004 in Lahore. It was a community based survey conducted on coronary outdoor departments in Lahore. Multistage followed by systematic random sampling methodology was used. 30 known patients of CHD were selected as cases along with inclusion of 30 healthy people as controls for the assessment of sociodemographic risk factors of CHD. The final result shows that there is a significant risk for persons over 50[OR:3, CI:0.93-94], male sex [OR:2.28, CI:0.71-7.3], smokers [OR:11.6 CI:2.95-49.00], sedentary life style [OR:6 CI0.82-8.89], persons having transport problems [OR:2. CI0.62-6.51], high cholesterol diet [OR:2.2 CI0.71-7.46], positive family history of CHD [OR:13.75,CI3.40-60.40] and underlying diseases like diabetes and hypertension [OR:4.75,CI0.40-16.74]. The study reveals an area that needs attention. The overall risk profile in our community showed increased risk of CHD in male sex, age over 50, high cholesterol diet, smoking. sedentary life style. positive family history of CHD and stressful conditions

Role of lifestyle in causation of dental caries

Oral infections are present in almost every individual and dental caries is commonest one with a prevalence of 54.1-55.57%. Most of the carious teeth in the developing countries tend to go untreated to such an extent that the only treatment option available is extraction. Essential factors which can cause dental caries are. Sweet sticky and smooth diet and, cariogenic bacteria. Dietary habits and teeth cleaning practices depends on life style. Lifestyle is known to influence health and may be responsible for many diseases. Therefore a need was identified to document the lifestyle on oral health among the Pakistani population. To see the status of oral health in residents of Lahore. To know the life style of the people [dietary and teeth cleaning habits] and to formulate a health education program for improvement of oral health. A case control study Place and duration of the study. Dental OPD of Mayo hospital and OPD of Dc' Montmorency college of dentistry Feb. to April 2003 Pre- tested questionnaire was used to interview the cases and control groups Results:-poor personal hygiene, smoking, carbonated drinks, tea/coffee intake and excessive sugar intake have a statistically significant role in causation of dental caries -All the causative factors of dental caries, comes under the domain of life style. So a healthier lifestyle [good personal hygiene, non cariogenic diet] should be promoted through health education of the community

Prevalence of helminthic infections in a slum

Faecal samples from 276 children of under-5 years of age [154 male and 122 female] residing in Chaudhry Colony, a slum in Lahore, were collected and examined by direct Microscopy for intestinal helminths. Of the 276 samples examined 192 [77 male, 115 female], were found positive for intestinal helminths, and Ascaris lumbricoides [50%] and Taenia saginata [16.14%] were mainly isolated. It was also observed that, more female children [94.26%] had intestinal helminths than male children [50%]

Nutritional status of children under five years of age in a slum community in lahore

A survey was conducted in the under privileged community of Liaqatabad near M.A.O. College, Lahore,to find out the nutritional status of children under five years of age. Out of 350 children, 72% were lying in different grades of malnutrition. Prevalence of malnutrition was on increase with the advancement of age. Family size was directly proportional to the degree of malnutrition. On this basis, a proper education of mothers on various aspects of child health is stressed upon as well as growth monitoring, oral rehydration therapy, breastfeeding, immunisation, child birth spacing and mother's nutrition are to be taken into consideration. Measures to improve all these parameters are essential

study of demographic and socio-economic conditions of families in slums of Lahore

A study was conducted to obtain information regarding demographic and socio-economic conditions of slums/Katchi Abadies in Lahore. Out of 142 slums/Katchi Abadies in Lahore, 15 were randomly selected. Results revealed that these slums/Katchi Abadies showed the characteristics of very poorly developing societies

Awareness about oral rehydration salt [ORS Nimlsol] in a slum at Lahore

A survey was conducted to know the use of Oral Rehydration Salt [ORS] in childhood diarrhoea in an urban slum of Lahore. 213 Mothers were interviewed. 86% mothers were illiterate but 77% were aware of ORS [Nimkol]. Diarrhoea was prevalent in the slum and 65% of children had a history of having suffered from an episode of diarrhoea during the padt two weeks. While on the day of interview 30% children had acute diarrhoea. Inspite of awareness, only 60% mothers claimed of Use of ORS [Nimkol]. ORS was used mostly [80%] in cades of Diarrhoea and dehydration. 20% Use was in codes of vomiting or fever. For current diarrhoea, only 50% mothers were using ORS [Nimkol], while others were giving home-made fluid remedies like salt water, salt-sugar water, lemon-sugar water or herbal water including "Saunf", 'Darchini", "Podina", "Chotti Ilyachi" etc. Educated, high income group, and small sized families used ORS more in diarrhoea and dehydratin. 70% mothers used ORS after purchading from market. 50% mothers knew how to prepare Nimkol in correct proportion at home

Awareness about breast feeding in Punjab village

A survey was conducted to know the knowledge, attitude and practice of breast feeding in a village, Chung, in Distt. Lahore. 105 mothers were interviewed. Though 85% mothers were illiterate, the majority was in favour of breast feeding. Only 145 children were not breast-fed and 18% children were put on breast feeding along with other milks. Male children were breast fed more as compared with female children. The mothers knew the importance of supplementary diets and they were managing weaning period very well .overall mothers were aware of importance of breast feeding, had positive attitude towards it and were in practice of breast feeding for an optimum time period

Assessment of nutritional status of female students in a vocational institute

A survey was carried out to find out nutritional status of female students in a vocational institute. Majority of them had poor family background. Out of 115 students belonging to age group 15-30 years, 74% were underweight. Triceps skinfold thickness was less than the standard value in 60% cases. 65% were found anaemic. Serum cholesterol level was low in 12% cases .No one was found to be overweight or over-nourished

Nutritional rehabilitation through education

Protein-energy malnutrition is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children of developing countries. A study was conducted to show the effects of nutritional education on malnourished children. 105 moderate to severe malnourished children ranging in age from 3 months to 5 years were included in the study. Nutritional education provided to the mothers of malnourished children comprised of through clinical examination, health education, nutritional education, use of clean water, personal hygiene, immunisation and supplementary foods. Overall 72% children were improved, 26% showed no improvement and only 2% deteriorated

Comparative study of attitude and practice factors in childhood acute respiratory infections[ARI]

A study was conducted to know the awareness, attitude and practice of mothers in two different types of communities with regard to acute respiratory infection. It was found that there was no difference regarding traditional beliefs about aetiology of Acute Respiratory Infections [ARI]. Most of the mothers were aware of the effects of repeated attacks of ARI on health of children and of earlier treatment. They were worried during an episode of ARI only when the problems of distance, transportation and arrangement for care of their other children raised. They were conscious of their inadequate knowledge about ARI and had a desire to learn more about it